Google's Quantum Technology Breakthroughs Could Be Just Five Years Away

In a recent interview, Julian Kelly, the director of hardware at Google Quantum AI, expressed optimism about the future of quantum computing. He indicated that the technology may only be five years away from achieving significant advancements that traditional computers cannot match.

Kelly shared these insights during his discussion with CNBC's Deirdre Bosa, emphasizing that quantum computers could significantly impact areas such as advanced physics and data generation. He stated, "We think we're about five years out from a real breakout, some practical applications that you can only solve on a quantum computer." This statement ignites hope for reaching milestones in quantum computing.

Interest in quantum technology has surged recently, especially following Google's announcement in December of a breakthrough in error correction. This development suggests a feasible pathway toward functional quantum computers. Meanwhile, Microsoft introduced a novel quantum computing chip called Majorana, a feat that required the creation of a completely new state of matter, as noted by CEO Satya Nadella.

Currently, Google's leading quantum computer operates with 105 qubits, which are the essential units of quantum computing. However, experts predict that achieving practical applications may require around one million or more qubits. Quantum computers represent a paradigm shift from classical computing, functioning based on the principles of quantum mechanics. Unlike traditional computers that rely on bits being either 0 or 1, quantum qubits can exist in multiple states, allowing for more complex calculations.

Kelly described quantum computers as capable of interpreting the universe's most fundamental laws. He suggested that the first practical applications are likely to involve simulations in high-level physics. This includes scenarios that a typical classical computer struggles to handle.

There is also speculation that quantum computers could generate new data, particularly for training artificial intelligence systems. However, Kelly cautioned that current AI models may not be compatible with quantum computing systems and termed this aspect as "speculative." He mentioned, "One of the potential applications you can think of for a quantum computer is generating new and novel data."

The quantum computing field has recently gained momentum, partly due to the rising interest in AI chips created by companies like Nvidia. Although Nvidia does not produce quantum processors, it hosted a Quantum Day event that attracted representatives from numerous leading quantum companies including Amazon and Microsoft to discuss the technology's potential.

During this event, Jensen Huang, Nvidia's CEO, previously expressed doubts about the likelihood of useful quantum computers being available in the next 15 years. However, he recently retracted those comments, admitting they were incorrect while still acknowledging the technology's complexity and the challenges ahead. He remarked, "Of course, quantum computing has the potential and all of our hopes that it will deliver extraordinary impact. But the technology is insanely complicated."

Google, Quantum, Technology